acromegaly 英['əkrəʊmɪɡəli] 美['əkrəʊmɪɡəli]
发音：英 [ˌækrəʊməˈɡeɪli] 美 [ˌækrəʊməˈɡeɪli]
意思：肢端肥大症
用法：acromegaly是一种内分泌疾病，通常由生长激素分泌过多引起。
分别的记法：可以联想单词“acro”和“mega”分别代表“高”和“巨大”，从而帮助记忆这个单词。
希望以上信息对您有帮助，如果仍有疑问请咨询专业词汇研究人员。
Acromegaly的物理现象包括：
1. 面容呆板：患者面容憔悴粗陋，表情固定，鼻唇沟加深。
2. 舌部症状：舌部增大，舌头运动不灵活，会有舌肌萎缩、舌体卷曲、说话不清等症状。
3. 眼部症状：由于张口和闭口肌肉受累，患者可能会有睡眠时习惯性磨牙，少数严重患者还会出现拔牙的情况。另外，患者眼外肌也受累，表现为眼球活动受限，形成“斜眼凝视”，造成视力下降。
4. 颈部症状：出现颈部前倾、变短以及头部增大、前伸等异常表现。
5. 四肢症状：四肢肌肉受累导致四肢骨关节疼痛、麻木等。
此外，还可能会有精神萎靡、情绪异常、阳痿、体位性低血压等表现。这些是由生长激素瘤分泌过多导致生长激素在体内蓄积引起的。请注意，这些症状可能随着治疗而减轻或消失。
Title: Management of Acromegaly
Acromegaly is a rare but debilitating condition that results from the overproduction of growth hormone by a pituitary tumor. The condition causes symptoms such as facial and body enlargement, excessive thirst, and weight gain due to excessive production of the hormone. Effective management of acromegaly requires a multidisciplinary team approach that includes endocrinologists, surgeons, and other specialists.
I. Diagnosis and Monitoring
Acromegaly is typically diagnosed based on symptoms and physical examination findings. However, more advanced testing such as imaging studies and blood tests may be necessary to confirm the diagnosis and determine the extent of the tumor. Monitoring is crucial to ensure that the condition is being managed effectively and to detect any complications that may arise.
II. Treatment Options
Surgery is the primary treatment option for acromegaly, with the goal of removing the tumor or reducing its size. However, surgery is not always possible or appropriate for all patients due to factors such as tumor location or patient comorbidities. Other treatment options include radiation therapy, medication therapy, and lifestyle changes such as weight loss.
III. Medication Therapy
Medication therapy is an effective treatment option for many patients with acromegaly. Growth hormone inhibitors such as somatostatin analogs and pegvisomant are commonly used medications that can reduce the production of growth hormone and improve symptoms associated with the condition. However, medication therapy may not be sufficient in all cases, and surgery or radiation therapy may still be necessary.
IV. Patient Education and Lifestyle Changes
Patient education is crucial in the management of acromegaly, as it can help patients understand their condition, manage symptoms, and comply with treatment plans. Lifestyle changes such as weight loss, exercise, and dietary modifications can also play a role in managing the condition. Patients should be encouraged to maintain a healthy lifestyle that is conducive to controlling their condition.
V. Team Approach to Management
The management of acromegaly requires a multidisciplinary team approach that includes endocrinologists, surgeons, radiation oncologists, and other specialists. The team should work together to develop a personalized treatment plan that takes into account the patient's specific needs and goals. Communication between team members is essential to ensure that all aspects of the patient's care are being addressed effectively.
In conclusion, effective management of acromegaly requires a comprehensive approach that involves multiple disciplines. Diagnosis and monitoring, treatment options, patient education, and a team approach are essential components of managing this complex condition.